Men should know all the risks first
This so-called “harmless” procedure can increase prostate risks
Vasectomy is a common form of male contraception.
The procedure involves cutting or blocking the tubes that deliver sperm to the penis.
In the United States, approximately 15% of men had a vasectomy.
The procedure is thought to be very safe by many healthcare professionals.
But a report looking into prostate cancer risk and vasectomy paints a different picture.
Men who have had a vasectomy are slightly more likely to develop prostate cancer.
A vasectomy is associated with a much greater risk of aggressive and lethal prostate cancer.
The analysis of human medical records was carried out at the University of Massachusetts Medical School. The results were published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
Prior to this research, there had been some published papers indicating that vasectomy might increase the risk of prostate cancer.
“Conflicting reports remain regarding the association between vasectomy, a common form of male contraception in the United States, and prostate cancer risk.”
So these researchers wanted to conduct a larger investigation.
To do that, they conducted an analysis of a 24 year long study.
The study recruited men between 40 and 75 years old beginning in 1986.
Almost 50,000 men were included in the study. Over 6000 of those developed prostate cancer.
“Among 49,405 US men in the study, age 40 to 75 years at baseline, 6,023 patients with prostate cancer were diagnosed during the follow-up to 2010.”
There were over 800 cases of lethal prostate cancer during the study.
One quarter of the men enrolled in the study had vasectomies.
The researchers use this information to look at the risk of developing prostate cancer according to whether or not men had a vasectomy.
The results were also stratified to look at total prostate cancer cases, as well as high-grade and lethal prostate cancer.
The statistical analysis took into account common risk factors which could otherwise give misleading results.
“We estimated the relative risk of total, advanced, high-grade, and lethal disease, with adjustment for a variety of possible confounders.”
The risk of any type of prostate cancer was increased by 10% in men who had vasectomies.
“Vasectomy was associated with a small increased risk of prostate cancer overall.”
For high-grade prostate cancer there was twice the increase.
Men with vasectomies had a 22% increased risk of high-grade prostate cancer.
“Risk was elevated for high-grade (Gleason score 8 to 10; relative risk, 1.22).”
Men with vasectomies had a similar increased risk (19%) of developing lethal prostate cancer.
“Risk was elevated for lethal disease (death or distant metastasis; RR, 1.19).”
Some of the men regarding regular screenings for prostate specific antigen — a marker of prostate cancer risk.
For some reason, their doctors considered them high-risk.
For these men, the increased risk of developing lethal prostate cancer was much higher if they had a vasectomy.
Men receiving regular screening for prostate specific antigen (PSA) had a 56% increased chance of lethal prostate cancer if they had a vasectomy.
“Among a subcohort of men receiving regular prostate-specific antigen screening, the association with lethal cancer was stronger (RR, 1.56).”
Hormones, STDs, and cancer treatment were not believed to influence those statistics.
“Additional analyses suggested that the associations were not driven by differences in sex hormone levels, sexually transmitted infections, or cancer treatment.”
So far, this is the largest study looking at vasectomy and the risk of prostate cancer.
Vasectomy was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, including lethal prostate cancer.
“Our data support the hypothesis that vasectomy is associated with a modest increased incidence of lethal prostate cancer. The results do not appear to be due to detection bias, and confounding by infections or cancer treatment is unlikely.”
You should always consult a healthcare practitioner about treating and diagnosing health problems.
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