New research says this common male supplement doesn’t work

New research says this common male supplement doesn’t work

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Men have been taking this popular supplement for decades, thinking it stops hair loss and prevents prostate cancer… But now new research shows it doesn’t work at all…

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New research says this common male supplement doesn’t work

Saw palmetto was ranked the third leading supplement in 2011, with $18 million in sales.

The justification for its use for prostate hyperplasia/cancer and hair loss had always been its purported ability to “inhibit 5α-reductase” – despite this never occurring in lab tests in vivo.

But people keep using it for hair loss and for cancer.

It is true that saw palmetto inhibits 5α-reductase on isolated enzymes directly.

But there are many good reasons why this wouldn’t even be expected to occur when taken orally.

The molecule that scientists hold accountable for this inhibitory effect is beta-sitosterol, a plant sterol similar in structure to cholesterol.

Cholesterol and Phytosterols such as beta-Sitosterol and Campesterol have similar structures

While it’s also true that saw palmetto has beta-sitosterol, the concentrations in commercial tablets are not significant.

The average concentration of six commercial supplements is 1.62 mg/g.

And that’s not too alarming when you consider that wheat bran has a beta-sitosterol concentration of .99 mg/g.

In fact, beta-sitosterol is in nearly every plant food.

The estimated dietary intakes of beta-sitosterol are 140 to 360 mg/day in Finland and 163 mg/day in the United Kingdom.

So we are already accomplishing this assumed “5α-reductase inhibition” through food…

And we’re doing it about three times over what an entire bottle of saw palmetto would deliver.

This is probably why it works in vitro in competition assays, yet is completely ineffective when actual people take the tablets.

Comparison of finasteride (Proscar®), a 5α reductase inhibitor, and various commercial plant extracts in in vitro and in vivo 5α reductase inhibition.

This study actually did both: They measured the enzyme inhibition concentration directly – and then they determined DHT concentration in humans given saw palmetto.

They found essentially no change in serum DHT levels after 320 milligrams of a saw palmetto extract… And that’s a more concentrated form with more beta-sitosterol.

Effects of a saw palmetto herbal blend in men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia.

This is the usual finding, and other studies have noticed the same.

“In fact, serum dihydrotestosterone did not decrease, indicating that the inhibition of 5-a reductase is not an important part of the mechanism.”

So if saw palmetto worked at all, these insignificant amounts of beta-sitosterol lowering DHT cannot be the reason.

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But it doesn’t actually seem to work at all.

And moreover, beta-sitosterol can actually become dihydrotestosterone (DHT) itself:

Side-chain cleavage of 4-cholesten-3-one, 5-cholesten-3α-ol, β-sitosterol, and related steroids in endocrine tissues from rat and man.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not beta-sitosterol can become pregnenolone – the precursor to the other steroids, including DHT and testosterone.

They suspected this based on beta-sitosterol’s close similarity to cholesterol, which differs only by an ethyl group on the side chain.

This difference in the side chain matters little to the final product.

All steroids besides vitamin D (a secosteroid) are formed after this side chain has been removed.

The transformation had occurred, which means that this plant sterol can eventually become pregnenolone and then all the other steroids.

B-sitosterol will eventually become all steroids, and nearly just as quickly as cholesterol

This was not a novel discovery – it was first noted in 1960 by Werbin & Chaikoff.

And many others have reported the same.

“Burstein demonstrated that [beta-sitosterol] was converted to pregnenolone.”

Although beta-sitosterol may be inhibitory on 5α-reductase in vitro, concentrations within the cell will never reach the concentration required…

Beta-sitosterol will instead be converted into downstream steroids, and about as quickly as cholesterol.

Somehow, the popularity of this supplement persists despite these facts.

Saw palmetto is routinely used for hair loss, prostate hyperplasia, and prostate cancer.

A meta-analysis estimated that up to 24.9% of all prostate cancer patients used this supplement…which is apparently no better than placebo:

“The lack of a statistically significant clinical benefit of saw palmetto herbal blend over placebo in our relatively small study groups is not surprising.”

Not only is it useless for the reasons people use it – in so many ways – some of it will become DHT, ironically.

However, prostate hyperplasia/cancer can be overcome using natural approaches, and by using ones that don’t involve androgens.

The reason why DHT increases hyperplasia and cancer is that it is the most powerful androgen…

Dihydrotestosterone increases growth in every cell having its receptor.

This is natural and expected, and it’s why males have a different form of DHT than females.

Although the prostate has more androgen receptors than just about any other organ, this is not why prostate cancer is the most common cancer.

The reason for this is polyamines.

Polyamines are small-molecule growth factors that powerfully stimulate DNA transcription.

Scientists can see this both in cell systems and also during in vitro PCR runs, where only enzymes and nucleic acids are used.

They knew back in the 1960s that polyamines bind strongly to DNA.

More recently, they discovered that polyamines will catalyze the shift from the right-handed B-helix to the left-handed Z-helix.

A-DNA, B-DNA, C-DNA

Since polyamines catalyze DNA replication, this must be the “replication helix.”

The specificity is ensured because polyamines do this more powerfully at CpG islands.

These “CpG islands” represent background “housekeeping genes,” areas of DNA that encode for metabolic enzymes.

The prostate synthesizes more polyamines – a constituent of sperm – than any other organ.

Ostensibly, sperm cells need polyamines to catalyze replication inside the egg cell – should they get there.

Androgens create growth by inducing ornithine decarboxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme of polyamine synthesis.

So inhibiting androgens works by inhibiting polyamines and hence replication…

But this can be done much more directly by simply taking selenomethionine, a natural amino acid.

According to more than one study, selenomethionine is very effective at preventing prostate cancer and inhibiting its progression.

A low-methionine diet coupled with selenomethionine will do far more towards helping with cancer than simply reducing androgens…

In addition, reducing androgens is bound to cause impotence…and maybe even gynecomastia (man boobs).

With low methionine, longer polyamines are made from lysine.

Lysine-derived polyamines are more tame, less proliferative, yet can still support the metabolism.

We actually need polyamines, but too many always cause radical and increased growth.

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Matt Cook is editor-in-chief of Daily Medical Discoveries. Matt has been a full time health researcher for 26 years. ABC News interviewed Matt on sexual health issues not long ago. Matt is widely quoted on over 1,000,000 websites. He has over 300,000 daily newsletter readers. Daily Medical Discoveries finds hidden, buried or ignored medical studies through the lens of 100 years of proven science. Matt heads up the editorial team of scientists and health researchers. Each discovery is based upon primary studies from peer reviewed science sources following the Daily Medical Discoveries 7 Step Process to ensure accuracy.
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