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This veg-oil byproduct feeds prostate cancer
Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated fat – an unstable omega-fatty acid which has become more common in the diet in recent decades.
As it is, arachidonic acid can cause some health problems.
But many of the problems caused by these types of fats don’t occur until they are broken down into other substances.
Some people argue that these fats are pretty safe — but they will mostly be broken down into very problematic byproducts.
In one series of experiments, researchers found that a byproduct of arachidonic acid could initiate, accelerate and ensure the progression of prostate cancer.
The cell experiments were performed at the University of Virginia Cancer Center in Charlottesville, VA.
This paper was published in PNAS.
The authors of this study were investigating the known association between general dietary fat and prostate cancer.
Not all fats are equal and the researchers wondered if one specific fat may be to blame.
“Diets high in fat are associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, although the molecular mechanism is still unknown.”
“The Western diet” is a diet which is relatively high in fat and this diet is strongly associated with prostate cancer.
“The Western diet” is relatively high in arachidonic acid.
Researchers had previously discovered that a breakdown product of arachidonic acid (5-HETE) promotes the growth and spread of prostate cancer cells.
“Arachidonic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid common in the Western diet, stimulates proliferation of prostate cancer cells through production of 5-HETE.”
In these experiments, the researchers looked at the effect of this arachidonic acid-byproduct on human cancer cells.
This arachidonic acid metabolite helps to keep human prostate cancer cells alive.
“We now show that 5-HETE is also a potent survival factor for human prostate cancer cells.”
Without adding anything to the mix, human prostate cancer cells produced a little 5-HETE.
But when the researchers added arachidonic acid they saw a massive increase in the carcinogenic 5-HETE metabolite.
“Human cells produce 5-HETE in serum-free medium with no added stimulus. Exogenous arachidonate markedly increases the production of 5-HETE.”
The researchers identified the enzyme responsible for the production of 5-HETE from arachidonic acid – something which could be useful for future prostate cancer drug development.
“Drug inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase 6 completely blocks 5-HETE production.”
And when the researchers blocked the enzymatic production of this metabolite, prostate cancer cells began to die rapidly.
“Blocking production of 5-HETE induces massive apoptosis in both hormone-responsive and nonresponsive human prostate cancer cells.”
The accelerated death of prostate cancer cells when they were deprived of 5-HETE was obvious only two hours after blocking the enzyme which produces this metabolite.
When the researchers added more 5-HETE to the mix they found that the anti-cancer effect of the enzyme blocker was reduced – again pointing toward 5-HETE as a prostate cancer trigger.
“Exogenous 5-HETE protects these cells from apoptosis induced by 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors, confirming a critical role of 5-lipoxygenase activity in the survival of these cells.”
The researchers seem to have uncovered a major factor in prostate cancer. And these experiments provide another reason why we should reduce our consumption of unstable, polyunsaturated fats like arachidonic acid.
“These findings provide a possible molecular mechanism by which dietary fat may influence the progression of prostate cancer.”
Small amounts of arachidonic acid can be found in many foods. It can also be made from other polyunsaturated fats.
An optimal diet will include a minimal amount of arachidonic acid AND a minimal amount of the other polyunsaturated fats – as ALL polyunsaturated fats cause major human health problems.
You should always consult your healthcare practitioner for guidance on medical diagnosis and treatment.
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